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Friday, November 10, 2017 4:10pm
About this Event
3203 Southeast Woodstock Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97202-8199
http://www.reed.edu/biology/seminars/index.htmlJeff Doyle, Ph.D.
Cornell University,
“Perspectives on the prevalence, pattern, and process of plant polyploidy.”
Friday, November 10, 2017
4:10 pm Seminar begins
Biology 19
Student Lunch: Students interested in joining Dr. Doyle for lunch should RSVP by emailing me ASAP since spaces are limited. Then plan to meet in B-115 shortly before noon on Friday. Commons dining room vouchers will be distributed at that time.
Abstract: Polyploidy is a prevalent and ongoing genetic and evolutionary phenomenon in land plants. All flowering plants are derived from an ancestor that had undergone a whole genome duplication (WGD) event, and the genomes of extant flowering plant species bear evidence of multiple cycles of polyploidy. For example, several independent polyploidizations occurred in the legume family, making modern legumes such as soybean (Glycine max) highly polyploid, though showing diploid chromosome behavior. Elucidating the complex patterns of whole genome duplications in species complexes is illustrated by studies in Glycine, which in addition to soybean and its direct annual progenitor comprises over 30 “diploid” perennial species, several of which have hybridized in various combinations to form an extensive allopolyploid complex. These allopolyploids, like many plant polyploids, are successful colonizers: Whereas diploid perennial Glycine are confined to Australia and Papua New Guinea, several of the allopolyploids have colonized islands of the Pacific Ocean. Some of these allopolyploid species is superior to its diploid progenitors in photosynthesis and photoprotection; recent work in one allopolyploid species has shown that it has enhanced ability to form nodulation symbioses with rhizobial bacteria, and is more resistant to insect pests than its progenitors. Studies of natural Glycine allopolyploids have provided insights on many features of polyploid evolution, but they were formed by hybridization 300,000 years or more ago. To study the process of polyploidy not confounded by hybridity or adaptation, we, like others, are using synthetic autopolyploids produced in the laboratory from genetically characterized accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana to study the effect of polyploidy on the transcriptome and on development.
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